Analytical Views
March 2001

Brian Strachman CRM: The Changing Of The Guard

BY BRIAN STRACHMAN


When most people hear the term CRM (customer relationship management), often they still think of the call center. For the uninitiated, CRM is a suite of products that helps a vendor better communicate with the customer. I’ve described CRM as a religion because of its intangibility. While there are products that clearly fall under the CRM umbrella, CRM is more of a way of dealing with customer satisfaction as opposed to something easily stuffed into a box.

That being said, it is undeniable that CRM’s roots are in the call center. Although the term “call center” has become something of a dirty word, replaced by the more acceptable “contact center,” the call center was the birthplace of remote, measurable customer service. That is what CRM is all about. Subsequently it was the call center vendors who made the first inroads into the CRM market, and by call center vendors I mean anyone with a stake producing products that reside there such as PBXs, ACDs, databases, predictive dialers, and workforce management software. These pioneers invented the industry.

Those of you who read this column with any regularity know that I like to categorize products and markets. As an analyst I am forced to both size and forecast markets; without clear borders that becomes a practical impossibility. So once again I am going to draw a red line through a market. In the past, for a CRM solution one would simply go to the same vendor that equipped the rest of the call center. Now there is an entirely new breed of CRM vendors -- those who have their roots somewhere other than the call center. I call these two categories the traditional and non-traditional CRM players.

TRADITIONAL VENDORS
There are very significant differences between the two groups. The traditional vendors (with roots in the call center) typically are entering the CRM space from a voice standpoint. Most of them were in the business of manipulating voice (or contact center databases like in the case of Siebel or Oracle.) While this gives them a head start in voice processes, it also means that in many cases they are playing catch-up in other contact methods, namely Web-based forms of communication like chat or e-mail response management.

Second, traditional vendors have been in the contact center space for over two years (many more in some cases.) This gives them a significant advantage in the areas of installation and integration, as they have been dealing with the potholes and pitfalls inherent in legacy equipment for several years. Finally, most traditional vendors offer their solution as a hardware and/or software platform. This means a more robust, customized solution, but also a greater degree of difficulty with installation and upgrades.

Traditional vendors have an early lead in providing complete CRM solutions. This is primarily because in many cases, they have been in the contact center business for over a decade and have significant experience to draw from. The same sort of management and skills used to man a call center can be used to manage an Internet-enabled contact center. The technology is different, but the philosophy and integration skills are the same. However, this lead will not last forever. The non-traditional vendors are quickly creating products that have the same administrative tools and integrate just as well with existing systems. Integration and administration are the only significant advantages the traditional vendors have over the non-traditional, and this situation won’t last long.

Traditional vendors also need to change their mindset about types of contact. Voice is still the most important contact medium, and will likely remain so into the foreseeable future. However, most of the non-traditional vendors come from a data background and have very strong offerings in the areas of e-mail, chat, and Web collaboration -- areas in which traditional vendors are not experienced. As the non-traditional vendors get better at administration and integration, traditional vendors will increasingly need to offer stronger Web-based contact points to stay competitive.

While traditional CRM vendors have years of provisioning voice-centric CRM solutions to the market, non-traditional vendors emerged on the scene less than two years ago. Although new to the CRM game, the non-traditional vendors are a notable force of change as they bring new technologies to interact with customers. Born of the Internet, their small size and flexible architecture give them an advantage over the industry giants that were typically steeped in client/server architecture and lengthy implementations.

Unlike their traditional counterparts, non-traditional vendors have their origins in Web-based forms of communication, such as e-mail response management, Web collaboration, VoIP, and chat. Capitalizing on the need for online customer interaction, non-traditional vendors emerged to provide Web-based solutions to businesses looking to leverage the interactive nature of the Web. Finally, non-traditional CRM vendors typically provide a software-based solution either through licensing or a hosted option giving them an advantage in install time and scalability.

The traction and market share gained by the non-traditional vendors is starting to come under pressure as businesses seek one solution to address multiple touch points. As the CRM market continues to consolidate, non-traditional vendors will face considerable competition from the traditional vendors as they broaden their capabilities to include Web-based channels. Traditional vendors have a distinct advantage as they have already developed complex solutions and will be able to add the less complicated technology of Web-based solutions. The development of the Web-based market represents an opportunity for traditional vendors to accommodate the needs of existing customers as well as provide a more complete solution to new ones. However, the reverse is not true for non-traditional vendors whose customers will already have voice products making it harder to penetrate into the more developed market of provisioning voice.

The success of the non-traditional vendors is notable but pales in comparison to the expansive number of an installed customer base of many long-time traditional solution providers. Building out their solutions, traditional vendors have the luxury of established relationships with customers that will simply implement the new Web-based applications with their legacy system as part of an overall upgrade. Adding an e-mail response management or chat application from a telephony provider will be much more appealing to businesses than implementing another CRM solution from a new provider.

While it is easy to draw a red line through the industry now, that line will fade as time passes. Traditional vendors will offer more Internet-based solutions, and even acquire some of the non-traditional vendors to speed implementation. The non-traditional vendors will do the reverse, offering voice solutions and may even start selling software and hardware. These are two very different approaches to a similar philosophy and neither one is better than the other. Like many other business segments that compete in the Internet, I expect the lines to blur quickly.

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