Analytical Views
July 2001

Brian Strachman Content Vs. Value

BY BRIAN STRACHMAN


In the beginning, there was only one network and it was good. Voice and data coexisted peacefully, and both service providers and enterprise vendors knew their place. Then came the great flood of the Internet and many were washed away. Where once there was only a few companies providing products for both the enterprise and carrier, as well as data delivery and application, now there were many. Some of these companies grew and gobbled up smaller ones, others spun off different versions. AT&T begot Lucent who begot Avaya who bought Quintus...and so on.

In the worlds of both voice and data, there is the beginning of a great schism between two opposing groups: application and transport. Yes, this metaphor is getting rather tiresome but there is a point. There are now two types of voice and data products: those that deliver content (data and/or voice), and those that add value to or manipulate that content. This is more than a simple division between LAN (local area networks) and WAN (wide area networks). I'd like to explore the concept that the products sold by these two different types of companies are different at the very core level.

CONTENT DELIVERY
The most recognizable of these content providers are the vendors that create WAN infrastructure and those who deliver it. Companies like Lucent, Cisco, JDS Uniphase, and others have made fortunes building the pipeline that carries content to the end user. Using technology like optical switching, these vendors are creating the new railroad of the 21st century. These are the channels that deliver content of the Internet and the world of telecommunications. Not surprisingly, until recently these companies have been the darlings of the financial world. Anyone selling a product or technology to enable the movement of information suddenly had a market cap in the billions. And why not? They were the pioneers of the new economy. They were the ones to make it all happen. Much like the railroad tycoons of the 1800s, these companies were the ones that made the commerce possible.

CONTENT VALUE ADD
Conversely, content value adders are not nearly as concerned with the delivery of voice and data, but what to do with it. These are the application vendors like Microsoft, 3Com, Avaya, and Siebel, just to name a few from different regions of the market. They take the content and manipulate it into a more palatable format. Some examples of these types of products include Web browsers, enterprise network equipment, PBXs, ACDs, and CRM systems. The defining factor among value adders is that they don't just move information from point A to point B, they implement some form of intelligence to the equation. Voice calls can be routed to the correct extension, or even by the needs of the caller. Messages are stored, prioritized, and sent accordingly. Information is organized into categories and formats that make it much more valuable. And that is the key word: value.

Unfortunately, many of these companies and their products have not received their fair share of media attention and stock valuation. Not to underestimate the value of the "content delivery" companies, but there would be no need for them if it weren't for the applications, the value add. The broadband buildout is a result of the new and innovative applications and the need for them to communicate. It's not the other way around, with applications being built to suit the needs of the new broadband. My school of thought is one that is shared by many application vendors. It is that the upper level of the value chain is where the real innovation lies. By thinking of the content delivery as the foundation for all products, it is easy to understand that refined enterprise communications and the end applications are truly the differentiating factors.

  1. Content Delivery: By offering high speed access and cheaper communications through broadband technologies, content delivery vendors have created the new railroad. This is the foundation that makes other products possible.
  2. Enterprise Communications: At this level, information, be it voice or data, is refined and delivered to the proper user or device. This is where the rubber meets the road; if enterprise communications are not clean and simple, even the best application will go unused.
  3. Value-Added Applications: These are the products that make us want to use the Internet, communicate more, and spend more money. These products have the greatest form of differentiation and are what the customers ultimately see. Even with the fastest connections and most phone lines, businesses would still be in the Dark Ages without the applications.

COMMODITY PRODUCT?
This brings us to the question of where the true value lies. The stock market would have us believe that content delivery is most important. I don't mean to devalue these companies in any way, but I disagree. I believe the most important part of the chain lies first in the applications, and next in enterprise communications. As I mentioned, these are the products that are most visible and ultimately create the user experience. Where would today's business be without a strong enterprise voice system like a PBX or LAN telephony network? How about without a CRM system or some sort of salesforce management? Admittedly, none of these technologies would be possible without the content delivery, but where is the differentiation?

I believe that content delivery (broadband data and voice) will slowly be commoditized. No one ever asks, "Wow! Is that Qwest bandwidth? Does it use a Lucent Stinger? It sure tastes better than mine." Content delivery is comparable based on the amount of bandwidth or lines. Much like a public utility, it is a commodity product. No one cares where their power comes from (except maybe in California), only that it is there on demand. Thus, these companies will ultimately be competing based solely on price. And a business model based exclusively on pricing is not a good one.

Until recently, the market disagreed. Lucent spun off Avaya (their enterprise division) in hopes that, unencumbered, Lucent would garner the high stock valuations of broadband companies. The plan failed miserably. At the time of this writing Lucent is trading around $10 a share, down from a 52-week high of $67. Avaya by contrast is trading at $17 a share, still down from a year high of $26 but not nearly as severe as Lucent.

In no way do I have a derogatory opinion of content delivery companies. I do believe, however, that we need a balance in our focus. To conclude, I hope the market learns that the demand for bandwidth caused by applications is equally as important as the supply.

Brian Strachman is senior analyst, Voice and Data Communications, Cahners In-Stat Group. To correspond with the author, please send your comments to brians@instat.com.

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